如果你也在 怎样代写geography这个学科遇到相关的难题，请随时右上角联系我们的24/7代写客服。geography是一个科学领域，致力于研究地球和行星的土地、特征、居民和现象。第一个使用γεωγραφία这个词的人是埃拉托色尼（公元前276-194年）。地理学是一门包罗万象的学科，它寻求对地球及其人类和自然的复杂性的理解–不仅仅是物体在哪里，还包括它们是如何变化和形成的。
geography通常被定义为两个分支：人文地理学和自然地理学。人文地理学关注的是对人及其社区、文化、经济的研究，以及通过研究他们与空间和地点的关系，与环境的相互作用。自然地理学关注的是对自然环境中的过程和模式的研究，如大气圈、水圈、生物圈和地圈。
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我们提供的geography及其相关学科的代写，服务范围广, 其中包括但不限于:
非线性方法 nonlinear method functional analysis
变分法 Calculus of Variations
地理代写|geography代考|Policies Implemented for Internal and External Mobility
The two core policies that have been implemented in the EU to stimulate labour mobility are the free movement of people and the Schengen agreement. While the first is one of the four principles on which the EU is based and it provides European individuals with the right to work in any other EU country without restrictions, the second one eliminates borders among countries which are members of the Schengen area, by abolishing border checks at the signatories’ common borders and introducing a harmonized system of visa policies. These two measures can be thought as two complementary policies, that are effective particularly when they are implemented simultaneously. In fact, the opening of the borders promoted by the Schengen agreement represents the concrete implementation of the freedom of movement which is at the basis of the Single Market (Parenti and Tealdi 2018).
地理代写|geography代考|Taxonomy of Different Types of Cross-Border Mobility
The definition of cross-border labour mobility refers to the flows of workers moving across national borders within Europe. While conventionally when we refer to crossborder labour mobility we have in mind cross-border migrants (mobile workers), there are other forms and shapes of cross-border mobility which are actually evolving quite fast, such as cross-border commuters and posted workers. In the EU, crossborder migrants are workers who establish their usual residence in the territory of a Member State for a period of at least 12 months, having previously been residents of another Member State or a third country. Cross-border commuters are instead characterized on the basis of two criteria, a political and a temporal one. Based on these principles, cross-border commuters are workers (employed and self-employed) who work within the territory of a Member State while residing in another (neighbouring) Member State (political criterion) and return to their main place of residence abroad at least once a week (temporal criterion). While cross-border migrants face a much more fundamental decision, which affects the change of both workplace and residence, and as such migration is undertaken few times during a whole working life, for cross-border commuters the decision is somewhat less complex as the place of residence is unaffected.
As a consequence of the expansion of the service sector, with the diffusion of specialized and innovative services, which require the presence of specialized workers in situ, a new type of cross-border workers has emerged: posted workers. Posted workers are EU citizens with an employment contract in their home country, who are temporarily posted to a host EU country by their employer who provides a certain service. Posted workers have regular employment relationships in the usual country of work and maintain these employment relationships during the period of posting, hence they do not integrate in the labour market of the host country. The increasing number of posted workers across the EU signals the tighter integration among EU countries for what concerns the service sector, which according to the empirical evidence has had a positive impact on economic growth.
地理代写|GEOGRAPHY代考|Overview of European Cross-Border Labour Mobility
The cross-border mobility of EU citizens remains low and well below inter-state mobility within the United States and other large countries, both in terms of crossborder migration and cross-border commuting, as well as in terms of posted workers.
geography代写
地理代写|GEOGRAPHY代考|POLICIES IMPLEMENTED FOR INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL MOBILITY
欧盟为刺激劳动力流动而实施的两项核心政策是人员自由流动和申根协定。第一个是欧盟所依据的四项原则之一，它为欧洲个人提供不受限制地在任何其他欧盟国家工作的权利，第二个通过废除申根区成员国之间的边界来消除在签署国的共同边界进行边境检查，并引入统一的签证政策体系。这两项措施可以被视为两项互补的政策，尤其是在同时实施时是有效的。实际上，
地理代写|GEOGRAPHY代考|TAXONOMY OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CROSS-BORDER MOBILITY
跨境劳动力流动的定义是指工人在欧洲境内跨国界流动。虽然传统上当我们提到跨境劳动力流动时，我们会想到跨境移民（流动工人），但实际上还有其他形式和形式的跨境流动实际上发展得很快，例如跨境通勤者和派驻工人。在欧盟，跨境移民是指在一个成员国境内建立惯常住所至少 12 个月的工人，之前曾是另一个成员国或第三国的居民。相反，跨境通勤者的特征是基于两个标准，一个是政治标准，一个是时间标准。基于这些原则，跨境通勤者是指在一个成员国境内工作同时居住在另一个（邻国）成员国（政治标准）并每周至少返回其国外主要居住地一次的工人（受雇和个体经营者）（时间标准）。虽然跨境移民面临一个更为根本的决定，这会影响工作场所和居住地的变化，并且由于这种移民在整个工作生涯中发生的次数很少，但对于跨境通勤者来说，这个决定并不像当地那样复杂居住地不受影响。
由于服务业的扩张，随着专业和创新服务的扩散，需要专业工人在现场的存在，一种新型的跨境工人出现了：外派工人。外派工人是在本国签订雇佣合同的欧盟公民，由提供特定服务的雇主临时派往欧盟东道国。被派出的工人在通常工作的国家有固定的雇佣关系，并在派出期间维持这些雇佣关系，因此他们没有融入东道国的劳动力市场。欧盟各地越来越多的外派工人标志着欧盟国家之间在服务业方面的整合更加紧密，
地理代写|GEOGRAPHY代考|OVERVIEW OF EUROPEAN CROSS-BORDER LABOUR MOBILITY
欧盟公民的跨境流动性仍然很低，远低于美国和其他大国的州际流动性，无论是在跨境移民和跨境通勤方面，还是在派驻工人方面。
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