计算机代写|ST207 Database

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这是伦敦政经学校数据库课程的代写成功案例。

ST207课程简介

This course is compulsory on the BSc in Data Science. This course is available on the BSc in Actuarial Science, BSc in Mathematics, Statistics and Business and BSc in Politics and Data Science. This course is available with permission as an outside option to students on other programmes where regulations permit and to General Course students.

This course has a limited number of places (it is capped). Students who have this course as a compulsory course are guaranteed a place. Places for all other students are allocated on a first come first served basis.

Prerequisites 

The goal of this course is to cover basic concepts of database management systems, including relational and other types of database management systems.

The topics covered will include basic concepts of the relational model, creating and modifying relations using Structured Query Language (SQL), basic SQL queries using SELECT operator, nested queries, aggregate operators such as GROUP BY, integrity constraints and relations, views, application development using JDBC, Internet protocols such as HTTP and XML, storage and indexing, tree-structured indexing using B+ trees, hash-based indexing, query evaluation and algorithms for relational operations, external sorting, transaction management and concurrency, database schema and normal forms, and overview of NoSQL databases such as key-value stores, document, and graph databases.

ST207 Database HELP（EXAM HELP， ONLINE TUTOR）

1. A database system is a computer-based system that manages, stores, and retrieves data in an organized and efficient manner. It includes software, hardware, and users and is designed to manage large volumes of data.
2. Database systems are essential for managing and storing data efficiently. They provide a way to organize and access data, which is critical for businesses, organizations, and individuals who need to store and retrieve information in a secure and reliable way.
3. A database management system (DBMS) is software that allows users to create, modify, and manage databases. It provides an interface between the user and the database, allowing users to manipulate data without having to know the technical details of the underlying data storage and retrieval mechanisms.
4. The primary objective of a DBS is to provide a way to manage and store data efficiently. The secondary objectives are to ensure data security, data integrity, and data availability.
5. Data independence is the ability to modify the data storage and retrieval mechanisms without affecting the application programs that use the data. It is essential because it allows for flexibility and adaptability in the system design, making it easier to make changes and upgrades to the system without disrupting the functioning of the application programs.
6. The advantages of a DBS include data sharing, data integration, data security, data consistency, data backup and recovery, improved data access and retrieval, reduced data redundancy, improved data integrity, and improved decision making.
7. There are several approaches to acquiring a DBS, including building a custom system, using a pre-packaged system, or outsourcing the development and management of the system to a third-party provider.
8. Database systems are a critical component of software engineering. They provide a way to store and retrieve data, which is essential for most software applications. Database systems are often integrated into software applications, and software engineers must have a good understanding of database concepts and technologies.
9. The software development life cycle (SDLC) and the database development life cycle (DDLC) are similar in that they both involve planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. However, the DDLC has a greater emphasis on data modeling, database design, and data manipulation, while the SDLC focuses more on software development and programming.

1. The different levels of architecture of a database system are:

• External level: This is the level seen by the end-users and is concerned with the representation and manipulation of data. It includes views, which are customized representations of data for particular users or groups.
• Conceptual level: This level describes the overall logical structure of the database and the relationships among the data. It includes a schema, which is a formal description of the database structure and the constraints that apply to the data.
• Internal level: This level is concerned with the physical storage and retrieval of data. It includes the file organization and storage structures, such as indexes and hashing techniques.

2. The acronyms DSL, DML, DCL, and DDL are related to database management and are defined as follows:

• DSL (Data Definition Language) is used to define the database structure, including creating, altering, and dropping tables, views, indexes, and other database objects.
• DML (Data Manipulation Language) is used to manipulate data in the database, including inserting, updating, and deleting data from tables.
• DCL (Data Control Language) is used to control access to the database and its objects, including granting and revoking permissions and privileges to users and roles.
• DDL (Data Description Language) is a language used to describe the data and its relationships. It includes creating data models, defining data types, and specifying constraints and relationships between data elements.

3. The main personnel in a DBS environment are:

• Database administrators (DBAs): responsible for managing the DBMS, ensuring data security and availability, and optimizing database performance.
• Database developers: responsible for designing and implementing the database structure and schema, writing code to manipulate data, and creating and maintaining database applications.
• End-users: those who interact with the database system to perform tasks or retrieve information.

4. The main functions of the DBMS are:

• Data storage and retrieval: storing, organizing, and retrieving data efficiently and securely.
• Data modeling and management: defining the data structure and relationships between data elements.
• Data security and privacy: ensuring that data is protected from unauthorized access and that privacy laws and regulations are adhered to.
• Data backup and recovery: providing mechanisms to ensure that data is not lost due to system failures or other disasters.
• Data concurrency and consistency: ensuring that multiple users can access and modify data simultaneously without causing data inconsistencies or conflicts.
• Data performance optimization: tuning the system to optimize query processing and other database operations.

5. The DBMS ensures that requests from end users are satisfactorily addressed by performing the following steps:

• Parsing: breaking down the user’s request into its component parts.
• Translation: converting the parsed request into an internal representation that can be understood by the DBMS.
• Optimization: determining the most efficient way to execute the request.
• Execution: performing the requested operation on the data in the database.
• Retrieval: returning the results of the operation to the user.

6. The functional components of a DBMS include:

• Storage manager: responsible for managing the storage of data on disk or other storage devices.
• Query processor: responsible for processing user queries and translating them into low-level commands that the storage manager can execute.
• Transaction manager: responsible for ensuring that multiple user requests are executed atomically and consistently, such as by using locking and logging mechanisms.
• Data dictionary manager: responsible for storing metadata about the database structure, such as tables, indexes, and constraints.
• Backup and recovery manager: responsible for creating backups of the database and providing mechanisms for recovering from system failures or other disasters.

7. Front-end and back-end systems are used in distributed database systems to add flexibility to the implementation. The front-end system is the user interface that provides a way for users

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